The Changing Role of Vitamins

“Food should be our medicine and medicine shouldrecognised by the RDA list but have been shown to
be our food,” said Hippocrates many centuriesbe vital for optimum health. These means substances
ago. He was right, and the concept of eating right forlike Molybdenum, an important anti-oxidant, and
optimum health has not changed since then; the onlyothers like Lutein and Xeaxanthin, which help to
thing that has changed since is everything else.maintain the state of your eyes.
The world population has since increased sixfold, andIt is worth mentioning that single-substance
in this time the industrialisation of farming has had asupplementation is quite inept. Although a magazine
major effect on the type of food we eat. Whilstmay have singled out a particular substance as their
technology and mass transport have made the worldfad of the week, on its own it will be a waste of
smaller, they have also enabled obscene changes totime and money. All vitamins depend on other
the natural path of food from field to mouth. Whenvitamins, minerals or co-enzymes for proper
was the last time you bought locally-grown fruit fromabsorption. Who would have thought a Thiamin
a market stall?deficiency could cause deficiencies in Zinc, responsible
These accelerated changes are not withoutfor over 100 different biological reactions in the
consequence. Pesticide use, prevalent in the lastbody? Zinc requires copper to be absorbed, but
half-century, has seen a massive degradation of thecopper is influenced by the amount of iron, the
soil in which we grow crops; this means a lowerabsorption of which is regulated by vitamin C, which
nutrient content in every type of grain we eat.needs pyridoxine and cobalamin, themselves
Selenium, one of the most important minerals todependent on other substances such as Thiamin and
combat oxidant damage, is deficient in most people inB complex co-enzymes. A good multivitamin will give
the UK. Oranges from the supermarket are oftenyou a full range of substances.
more than a year old by the time you eat themOf course, regardless of how good your supplement
– chemicals injected into them slow the ripeningis, there is no reason to cut back on good food.
process but leave them bereft of vitamins. It is notWhilst the ‘healthy eating pyramid’ has been
unusual for an orange on a supermarket shelf torepeatedly exposed as a sham, a varied diet in
have zero Vitamin C.accordance with nature’s intentions is still vital.
Add to this the busy parents who, with no time toThis means a good balance between the
cook and fooled by the derisory ‘healthymacronutrients (proteins, carbs and fats) and as
balance’ labels on the front of the package,many micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) as
serve up microwave meals to their children on a dailypossible from a variety of sources like fruits and veg,
basis and the problem becomes very evident –but also other sources, including grains and meats.
top trainer Cain Leathem summed it up best when heWhilst relying on food sources alone leads to a
coined the phrase Overfed and Undernourished. Ifshortfall for optimum health, the closer your daily
you ever want to see the evidence of this, take oneactivity and dietary intake is to that experienced by
look at a class of 10-year-olds; you may well beour healthy caveman ancestors, the more immune
shocked. This problem has two solutions – oneyou will be to 21st century disorders like back pain,
would be to move to a less advanced part of theobesity, diabetes, etc. To summarise, vitamins
world and live of the fat of the land. Most people,supplements should be used as just that, not to
finding the first option impossible, overcome thereplace sensible dietary choices.
problem with the more realistic second option; vitaminThis is the flagship argument of those that oppose
supplementation.vitamins supplementation in the diet; this group can
Correct vitamin supplementation is a very predictable,be split into two camps. One is the worried politicians,
extremely cost-effective way of restoring optimumwho are keen not to upset the applecart and mulishly
health. Overcoming vitamin deficiency gives rise tostand squarely behind the three-meals-a-day
many beneficial changes within the body, includingfive-portions-of-fruit-n-veg, (but will still take vitamins
increased energy levels, incomparable levels ofthemselves in case they are wrong!). These fools
immune system resistance and a tangible boost toworry that, if they were to publicly back
the health of the skin and hair. Specific conditions cansupplementation, the public would feel aggrieved that
be improved or completely eliminated with targetedtheir leaders had allowed their soil to be destroyed
supplementation.and the Daily Mail would accuse them of blaspheming
Of course, I said correct vitamin supplementation.against the hollowed ‘balanced diet’. They
Simply going down to the vitamin aisle of your localshould not worry themselves – correct
supermarket and choosing a multivit will not make ansupplementation goes hand in hand with eating right
impact on your health; although some is better than(hence the term supplementation rather than
none. At the time of writing, no UK supermarketreplacement) and members of the Reagan
stocks good quality vitamin supplements; consciousadministration actually admitted many years ago that
individuals must take a trip to health shops or orderthe nutrient content of soil has diminished 40% due
from the internet.to overfertilisation.
So what is the difference between ‘goodThe other type is the fanciful idealists, who basically
quality’ and ‘poor quality’ multivits?do not like change and, without a shred of scientific
There are two main issues to be aware of:evidence to hide behind, stubbornly cling to their gut
1.feeling that a ‘balanced diet’ is all we need
Supermarket multivits are generally created with theto fortify us. To date, not one single person in the
one remit of providing all the RDAs (Recommendedanti-supplementation camp has ever been able to
Daily Allowances) at the minimum of cost. So it iscreate a diet available to Western society that
therefore no surprise that they then do this. This is acontains enough nutrients to meet even the paltry
problem because the RDAs are a joke; they wereRDAs. People who sneer at supplementation remind
created in the 1930s by the government as ame very much of the stubborn old man who
minimum requirement for sedentary people to avoidperseveres with his typewriter each day because
basic ailments like skirvy and rickets. They bear no‘its never let him down and computers are the
relation to the optimal requirements of active peopledevil’. Unfortunately, the feeling of
today. Consuming only the RDAs will leave you quiteself-congratulation at staying strong in the face of
deficient. Intelligent companies that produce goodseemingly inevitable change pails in insignificance
quality vitamins will always try to match up thecompared to the buzz of optimum health.
amounts to the requirement of the customer –I admit I see the appeal of getting all my necessary
this ensures you get far more than the pitiful RDAs;nutrients from a good diet because it feels more
enough to make a real difference.wholesome (nicer, even). Unfortunately, science does
2.not back up this viewpoint; whilst it may have been
These already-inadequate amounts will not be utilisedpossible for our grandparents, we do not have the
in the body properly when contained in aluxury of this choice. Science shows that active
supermarket vitamin. This is because they do notindividuals who do not supplement have deficiencies in
contain all the ingredients for effective use by theabundance, yet these are the people that need it
body. In nature, most vitamins are found togethermost. Overcoming these shortfalls leads to a more
with other substances called co-enzymes – thesebalanced body. Chromium enables better insulin
are required for proper absorption and utilizationresponse and therefore more stable blood sugar
within the body and if these are not present yourlevels; Calcium overcomes bone and muscle wastage;
supplementation will be inefficient at best. The betterCholine produces a lipotropic effect on the liver,
companies spend time and money researching thecausing an increase in the usage of fat for fuel; the
importance of these co-enzymes and so ensure thatlist goes on, and we have not even covered the Cs!
their products contain them. An example of theMoreover, we start to work as nature intended us
difference in quality of products can be found in theto.
Vitamin B complex – whereas a supermarketDo not be put off supplementing with vitamins for
multivitamin will contain small amounts of B1, B2, B3,the sake of ‘keeping it natural’; the irony is
B5, B6, B12 and one co-enzyme, Folic Acid, a goodthat, together with a sensible diet dictated by your
quality equivalent will have the same substances butbody’s requirements, correct vitamin
in much more appropriate quantities, adding a fullsupplementation shifts the nutritional climate closer to
range of co-enzymes like PABA (para-amino-benzoicthat intended by nature than the Western diet alone
acid), choline, biotin and inositol.ever could. Food should still be our medicine and
3.medicine should still be our food, only now we would
The extra research by the better brands ensuresbe wise to take little steps to neutralize the damage
you multivit includes other substances yet to bedone by commercial farming.