Provincial Autonomy Verses Ethnic Autonomy

The postulates of good governance reveals thatIn Pakistan majored languages spoken throughout
while designing any policy government shouldthe country are Punjabi (48% of Pakistanis) and
foresight the expected issues related with it. Thesiraiki(10% of Pakistanis) in Province Punjab, Hindko
altruistic approach needs for consensus of all ethnic(2% of Pakistanis) and Pushto( 8% of Pakistanis) in
groups within the provinces. Most of the ethnicProvince NWFP, Blochi (3% of Pakistanis)and Brahwi (
groups vary from one another by language because1% of Pakistanis)in Province Balochistan. Moreover
language is the primary element of ones identity.there is Pothohari language use to speak in Murree
Pakistan has a variety of ethnic groups composed ofand nearby other areas besides Galyat region, Balti
different languages. This is not a bad symptom but itlanguage is spoken in Baltistan region which may now
is the asset of our country. Pakistan's division in fourachieve a provincial autonomy. In State of AJK there
provinces and one state shows that it composesare also different languages spoken all around like
only five languages. Whereas, cultural history ofPahari, Punchy and little bit kashmiri, but independence
Pakistan compose variety of languages. Preservationof Kashmir is more important then their ethnic
of cultural heritage through conspicuous languagesautonomy. If provincial boundaries rearranged by
enhances the unity among ethnic groups when all theethnic identities then they could enhance the
ethnic groups feel their autonomy then they couldautonomy of maximum individuals of country.
motivate easily towards solution of various nationalProvincial autonomy is less representative as
affairs.compared to ethnic autonomy. Division of provinces
Government of Pakistan put forward numbers ofbecause of ethnicity could solve number of problems
measures to ensure provincial autonomy; despite thisand various becloud problems of the nation could be
they could not achieve trust of varying ethnic groupsforeground. Ethnic autonomy could enhance the
within provinces. To solve various problems ofparticipatory approach, could develop a
national interest through wide consensus, govt. shouldrepresentative and responsive parliament and could
work on ensuring ethical autonomy. People fromhelp to achieve true and wide consensus our various
different ethnic groups have a great concern for thenational and provincial affairs. Also huge number of
preservation of culture. Therefore, whenever theypopulations is now favoring the distribution of
feel their disappearance on national levels, they feelprovinces in more then four. Tehreek-e-shehree
being neglected and this creates frustration amonghukumat suggests on 25-march-2005 in Karachi that
such groups. Moreover less govt. appertaining forthere is a need of creating about 22 small provinces
different ethical groups produces fear of beingfor better representation. They argue that current
extinct and therefore they regret to mix with newdivision of province is totally unbalanced, according to
and different ideas for modernize lifestyle. Becausethem populations of Punjab is exceeding every
they think that these all new ideas and proposal willindependent country except ten countries and area
hinder their cultural values and traditions. Pakistan failsof Balochistan exceeds the area of 108 independent
to extend family planning programs in villages just duecountries and population of Sindh is exceeding
to such feared ethical groups. Extension ofpopulation of 102 independent countries. By these
educational programs also faces hindrances becauseinformation one can easily estimate that how less is
of mistrust of ethical groups on governments. Mostthe representation of various areas and populations in
of the developing projects also face problems inthe center.
implementation due to ethical controversialist.The concentration of my whole discussion is to
Terrorism bloomed in Pakistan due to disappearancemaximize the ethnic representation in Parliament to
of different ethical groups on national level.cover various postulates of good governance i.e.
Beside this all government propositions to guarantyparticipation, representation, responsiveness, rule of
provincial autonomy do not benefit the public oflaw, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency,
provinces. The focus of most of propositions is theaccountability and consensus. If we highlight the
consent of nationalist leaders of provinces.ethnic identities of our people, give them importance
Government aims only to quench the nationalists forby recognizing various cultures in country, and then
the sake of their power. Present governmentwe could achieve maximum satisfaction of people
achieved consensus on NFC-Award, but how thefrom the government. Government should recognize
new adjustments of funds could benefit the publiccultures through preservation of languages of ethnic
this is another matter. Despite readjustments ofgroups. Although there are various other tools of
funds and Balochistan package there is stillones culture but language is the most representative
unsatisfactory attitude of Baloch leaders. This is onlytool for the identity of any culture. By believing in
due to Bugty family and other such leaders, they willcultural identities, it becomes easy to negotiate any
not satisfied until Mr. Musharaf hanged on due tocomplex deal with various ethnic groups. In addition
Bugty murder. Although I don't know how much Mr.any policy decided by any province will not affect
Bugty was himself generous. Blochistan is the biggestvarious ethnic groups if province defined because of
province of Pakistan by area, people are scatteredtheir ethnicity and, hence implementation of policies
on huge area and voices of various groups could notby provincial governments will become easy. Tariqavi
reach the center. I don't know whether the voice ofnarrates in his work on importance of culture that:
Bloch nationalists is really the voice of all Blochese? 
Most of the regions of Balochistan are obscure and,When negotiating with someone, we have to start
hence they give, space to terrorist activities by ourwith understanding their objectives, and how they will
external and internal enemies. To make the all thereact to the process of negotiation. Only by
ethnic groups and remote areas visible it is necessaryunderstanding their cultural backround can we start
to split them in more provinces.to really understand them, even before taking their
According to the new constitutional package,individual characteristics into account. The first rule of
formation of Seraiki language and renaming of NWFPnegotiation is to understand the other person
both concerned. Formation of Siraeki province is aConcludingly we could achieve wide consensus over
good step to enhance participatory approach and toissues by understanding others. If of large provinces,
minimize the influence of big brother province Punjab.any issue could not achieve wide consensus because
However renaming of NWFP has an attachedof various cultural limitations existing within a singular
another issue, which is the identity of Hazara people.province. By shortening the size of provinces both in
Hazara people do not like if someone call them asarea and in population, it will become easy to
Pathan, also Pathan people of NWFP have greatimplement developmental projects and policies.
dogmatic attitude towards Hazara people at all levels.Moreover employment opportunities will enhance,
If NWFP named as Pakhtoonkhawa because of theirrepresentation of all groups could be developed and
Pushto language then Hazara people have also rightall the regions will be cognized. Hence it will be
to demand for the preservation of their language.become easier to search natural opportunities for
Hence while renaming NWFP government shoulddevelopment and it will aware government about all
consider the identity of Hazara people and tends tosorts of activities performed in any region therefore
mollify the issue before ignition.enhance the responsiveness of government.