Our History with Blueberries - Reviving Their Home-Grown and Local Farm Status

The blueberry has a long and popular history withhow Native Americans along the way smoked wild
humans. Considered a very old species, it was onceblueberries as a form of preservation for winter, and
known as "star berry" by the Native Americansalso pounded wild blueberries into meat, which they
because of the perfect five-pointed star shape thatthen smoked and dried. Both the natives and settlers
forms on the blossom end of each berry. Nativeused other parts of the wild blueberry plant as well
legend tells that the Great Spirit sent the berries tofor teas and medicinal purposes.
the earth to nourish the children during a famine.In the early 1900s, Elizabeth White and Dr. Frederick
Wild blueberries are native to North America, withCoville conducted breeding work to crossbreed
varieties adapted to locations around the world fromvarieties of the wild highbush blueberry for an
the tropics to Alaska. New immigrants from Scotlandeasy-to-harvest tall growing berry plant good for
remembered a similar berry they called the blaeberry.home gardens and farms. With continued breeding
Immigrants from England saw similarities to theirand natural selection, their work resulted in today's
whortleberries back home. The Danish found thecultivated blueberry varieties. However, wild lowbush,
New World berry to be remarkably like their wildhand-harvested blueberries are also a niche industry
bilberries, and settlers from northern Germany sawof their own, offering smaller and intensively flavored
them as kin to their own bickberren. Closely relatedfruits. Today, in Maine for example, a certified organic
New World blueberry cousins also include thewild blueberry farm sells the berries as fresh, frozen,
cranberry, and the wild huckleberry, the latter ofdried and in preserves.
which most agree (although the debate continues)By the late 20th century, most homeowners had
has larger seeds than the wild blueberry, and is oftendropped the time-honored tradition of having a few
mistaken for wild blueberries. Blueberries,berry bushes in their backyards, whether blueberries,
huckleberries and cranberries are in the "Heath" familygooseberries, currents or other types. By the end of
in the genus Vaccinium.the 20th century, berries became more of an item
Long established within the New World's nativethat showed up in the supermarket as a commercial
cuisine, the French explorer Samuel de Champlainproduct. But local blueberry farming and home
noted natives harvesting the berries along what isgrowing are old traditions enjoying a revival. U-pick
now Lake Huron, where they were then dried,blueberry farms are finding visitors come from miles
beaten to a powder, and mixed with water, cornmealto pick their own berries in the sunshine, and to give
and honey to create "Sautauthig," a sort of pudding.their children a sense of harvesting fresh from the
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, appointed byearth. And people with secret family recipes made
Thomas Jefferson to explore the Columbia andwith blueberries are selling kitchen-created blueberry
Missouri Rivers and inform Native tribes that tradersitems over the Internet and to local customers.
would soon be coming to buy their furs, witnessed